The Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran Journal of Social Problems of Iran 2008-8973 15 1 2025 02 02 Studying the causes and factors affecting the prevalence of drug use (Case of study: national level Studying the causes and factors affecting the prevalence of drug use (Case of study: national level 195 214 100713 10.22059/ijsp.2024.360390.671135 FA Taha Ashayeri Assistant professor and faculty of social science , University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,ardabil, Iran Mousa Saadati Assistant Professor of Sociology, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran Tahereh Jahanparvar PhD student in Cultural Sociology, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Communication and Media Islamic Azad University, central Tehran Branch Journal Article 2023 06 07 drugs, tobacco and addictive substances; Today, it has become a social concern at the global level and in Iran, and over time, with the increase of socio-economic pressures and the transformation of society from a traditional to a modern format, due to the distortion of social functions, it has become more prevalent than before. Based on this, the main goal of the research is to study the reasons and factors affecting the prevalence of drug use. The research method is quantitative meta-analysis and systematic review based on the sources and scientific documents published from the database of Noor specialized magazines, Iran Publications Information Bank, Iran Research Institute of Science and Information Technology in the period of 1403-1383. From the statistical population of 90 studies; By complying with the screening procedures and entry and exit criteria; 45 documents by non-probability sampling method (deliberate and accessible); It has been selected and entered into CMA2 software. The test used is Cohen's d and Fisher's f. Finally, the effect size coefficient shows that social factors (social capital, delinquent social environment, social failure, social control, family disorganization, differential cohabitation); cultural (media literacy, ethnic norms and values, risky lifestyle, religious beliefs, virtual networks); economic (poverty, economic anomie, relative deprivation, unemployment); Psychological (individual skills, feelings of alienation, social isolation, experience of pleasure and curiosity), background factors (level of education, place of residence, history of parental addiction, duration and history of drug use) have been effective in the prevalence of drug use. drugs, tobacco and addictive substances; Today, it has become a social concern at the global level and in Iran, and over time, with the increase of socio-economic pressures and the transformation of society from a traditional to a modern format, due to the distortion of social functions, it has become more prevalent than before. Based on this, the main goal of the research is to study the reasons and factors affecting the prevalence of drug use. The research method is quantitative meta-analysis and systematic review based on the sources and scientific documents published from the database of Noor specialized magazines, Iran Publications Information Bank, Iran Research Institute of Science and Information Technology in the period of 1403-1383. From the statistical population of 90 studies; By complying with the screening procedures and entry and exit criteria; 45 documents by non-probability sampling method (deliberate and accessible); It has been selected and entered into CMA2 software. The test used is Cohen's d and Fisher's f. Finally, the effect size coefficient shows that social factors (social capital, delinquent social environment, social failure, social control, family disorganization, differential cohabitation); cultural (media literacy, ethnic norms and values, risky lifestyle, religious beliefs, virtual networks); economic (poverty, economic anomie, relative deprivation, unemployment); Psychological (individual skills, feelings of alienation, social isolation, experience of pleasure and curiosity), background factors (level of education, place of residence, history of parental addiction, duration and history of drug use) have been effective in the prevalence of drug use. https://ijsp.ut.ac.ir/article_100713_b22a29deccf9b8ee8576541a7415139d.pdf