Anxiety Symptoms in Working Children: Predicting Based on Attachment Styles and The Mediating Roles of Hope for Life and Life Satisfaction

Pourtaleb, Narges; Hasani, Zeynab; Dadashzadeh, Majid

doi:10.22059/ijsp.2026.409903.671369

Anxiety Symptoms in Working Children: Predicting Based on Attachment Styles and The Mediating Roles of Hope for Life and Life Satisfaction

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Narges Pourtaleb ¹

Zeynab Hasani ²

Majid Dadashzadeh ³

¹ Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology and Counseling, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.

² M.A. in Psychology, Department of Psychology, Roshdieh Institute of Higher Education, Tabriz,

³ Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Farhangiyan, Tehran, Iran.

10.22059/ijsp.2026.409903.671369

Abstract

Working children are exposed to psychosocial risks, including anxiety. This study aimed to predict anxiety among working children based on attachment styles, with life expectancy and life satisfaction as mediators. This descriptive-correlational study employed path analysis. The population consisted of working male children aged 8–12 years under the supervision of the Welfare Organization in Tehran in the years 2004–2003 (n=38,000), from which a sample of 380 participants was drawn. Data were collected using the Spence Anxiety Scale, Collins and Read's Attachment Style scale, Snyder’s Hope for Life scale, and Diener et al.’s Satisfaction with Life scale. The findings showed a negative direct effect of life expectancy and life satisfaction on anxiety symptoms, and a positive direct effect of ambivalent attachment on anxiety symptoms (P

Keywords

Working Children

Attachment styles

anxiety symptoms

life expectancy

life satisfaction

Subjects